创业型中小企业财务管理的创新与应用研究

在国民经济高速发展的推动下,我国经济市场环境越来越好,企业的发展空间逐渐扩大。因此,诞生了很多创业型企业,在我国的经济活动中扮演着十分重要的角色。但是创业型企业由于经营经验少、管理制度缺失以及组织结构不完整等,在财务管理方面存在一些问题亟待解决。基于此,论文从创业型中小企业入手,对财务管理的问题、创新及应用策略进行了研究,以供参考。     

科技政策对企业创新的作用机制研究——以广东省为例的实证分析

科技创新是立国之本、强国之路。政府在不同阶段制定相应的科技政策，以求持续激励企业参与创新活动、提高企业核心竞争力、促进产业结构转型升级。基于广东省2005-2017年上市公司数据，采用计数模型实证分析了地级市政府科技政策对企业创新的影响及作用机制。研究表明：科技政策力度越大，越能提高企业的创新水平；科技政策的激励作用主要通过研发强度这一中介变量产生；科技政策不仅能促进企业的策略性创新行为，同时也会导致企业的实质性创新行为；直接激励类型的政策对企业创新并无显著影响，而营造创新氛围的间接激励类型政策则对企业创新有着显著的正向影响；政策激励对非国有企业、非高科技企业的正向作用更加明显。     

二代涉入、制度情境与中国家族企业创新投入——基于社会情感财富理论的研究

基于社会情感财富理论,本文以2012-2016年中国A股上市家族企业为样本,采用倾向得分匹配法,对一定制度情境下二代涉入对家族企业创新投入的影响进行实证研究。研究结果表明:二代涉入会抑制家族企业的创新投入,发生二代涉入的家族企业会更重视约束型社会情感财富,而该类社会情感财富会导致家族企业对创新投入持保守态度;制度环境对二代涉入与家族企业创新投入之间的关系具有正向调节效应,从而会缓和二代涉入对家族企业创新投入的抑制作用;政治关联对二代涉入与家族企业创新投入之间的关系具有负向调节效应,从而会加剧二代涉入对家族企业创新投入的抑制作用。据此,本文建议:发生二代涉入的家族企业不能为了加强对企业的控制而排斥引入外部优良人才或外部投资者,创始人应该注重二代成员对家族企业归属感等的培养,提升二代成员对延伸型社会情感财富的保护意愿;政府和家族企业必须共同努力推进市场化改革,藉此完善家族企业赖以生存的制度环境;家族企业应当尽量避免政治寻租等行为对创新的抑制作用。     

能源企业技术创新能力对财务绩效的影响——基于企业规模的门槛效应研究

能源消费和供给的重要性使得政府给予能源企业技术创新更多关注和支持，能源企业经营存在较大风险使得能源企业技术创新能力对财务绩效的影响呈现一定特殊性。以我国能源企业2013-2018年技术创新投入与产出能力指标为样本数据，采用因子分析法和动态面板门槛效应模型，在评价能源企业技术创新能力的基础上，分别研究能源企业技术创新投入和产出能力对财务绩效的影响及企业规模门槛效应。研究结果表明，能源企业的技术创新投入和综合能力对财务绩效的影响存在显著的门槛效应，而产出能力的表现并不显著。研究结果可为国家和能源企业的技术政策制定和创新投入决策提供参考。     

家族涉入方式的差异如何影响企业双元创新意愿?

文章以2012-2017 年中国上市家族企业的数据，基于社会情感财富理论，分析了家族在股权与管理层两种不同涉入方式下的战略偏好与目标导向，进而探究出其对于双元创新的影响，并结合产品市场竞争环境下的情形，进一步分析了市场竞争的加剧对于股权涉入和管理层涉入与双元创新关系的调节效应。结果发现：家族在股权涉入与利用式创新呈显著的正相关，但与开发式创新呈负相关，而家族管理层涉入与利用式创新和开发式创新均呈现显著的正相关；产品市场环境的竞争能够加强家族股权涉入与利用式创新的正向关系和家族管理层涉入与开发式创新的正向关系。     

政府审计、内部控制与企业创新

利用手工收集的政府审计公告数据，以2013—2017年的国有上市公司为样本，采用PSM+DID方法检验政府审计对国有上市公司创新活动的影响，并进一步根据内部控制质量和是否存在内部控制缺陷对样本进行分组检验两者之间的关系。研究结果表明：政府审计显著增加了国有上市公司的创新投入和创新产出；在内部控制质量高和不存在内部控制缺陷的样本企业中，政府审计对企业创新活动的促进作用更加显著。     

Medical innovation and its diffusion: Implications for economic performance and welfare

We study the impact on economic performance and welfare of medical innovations and their endogenous diffusion. We construct a general equilibrium model with a medical sector and overlapping generations subject to endogenous mortality and calibrate it to reflect the development of the US economy and health care over the cardiac revolution during the 1980s and 1990s. By counterfactual analysis we find that (i) medical innovations have increased welfare without compromising GDP growth; (ii) there is a sizeable welfare loss due to the adoption lag involved with imperfect diffusion; and (iii) there is scope for Pareto improvement by way of subsidization of innovative health care.     

Does top management Team’s academic experience promote corporate innovation? Evidence from China

This study investigates whether top management teams’ academic experience affects corporate innovation, using manually-collected data on Chinese firms from the period of 2008–2017. The results indicate that academic experience has a strong positive effect on corporate innovation. The positive effect of academic experience on corporate innovation is more pronounced, when firms grow faster or are non-state-owned. By exploring the transmission channels, the results generally show that academic experience influences corporate innovation by improving internal controls and reducing the degree of information asymmetry. These findings are among the first empirical evidence of the association between academic experience of top management teams and corporate innovation.     

Dynamics of firm's network community associations and firm's innovation performance

ABSTRACT

R&D network structures have crucial impacts on firm's innovation performance. However, most previous studies have been based on the whole or ego network perspective, few studies have investigated the influence of community structure that a firm is engaged in on its innovation performance, and it is still unclear how a firm's relation to network community affect its innovation performance. This research aims to address this gap by focusing on the dynamics of firm's network community associations, empirically investigate the relationship between dynamics of firm's network community associations and its innovation performance. Based on the unbalanced panel data of smartphone R&D network during year 2004–2017, the results demonstrate that change in community member associations and movement across communities both have inverted-U-shaped effects on firm's innovation performance. Moreover, innovation openness depth has moderating effects on the relationships between dynamics of firm's network community associations and its innovation performance.     

The influence of the regional context on firms’ innovation patterns: evidence from Ecuador*

ABSTRACT

Using data from the Ecuadorean Innovation Survey of 2015, this paper identifies the innovation patterns that can be found in Ecuador. In addition, we analyse the influence of the regional innovation systems in determining these patterns. The results show that there are six differentiated patterns of innovation, although they all are related to the adoption and imitation of technologies. Finally, we observe that different regional characteristics condition the way in which firms organise innovation.